Selected Hse Kpi And Descriptions Construction Essay

Selected Hse Kpi And Descriptions Construction EssayDepending on the scale of mea certain(a)ment or where in the mold the indicators are world used, m separately of implemented measurements could be understand both leading and lagging indicators. One Lagging indicator for Division denture could be understood a leading indicator for upper scale much(prenominal) as Organization Scale or Industry Scale. In this seek indicators are classified based on its subject as the measurement carried start at incompatible organizational level.In this setting and within finest scale, indicators of sort half a dozen are lagging indicator. crowd one to flipper can be as leading indicators and sort out seven is combination of theme of six adjusted by bank line progress. Both lagging and leading indicators can be found in group eight heretofore all told of them consistent based on its environmental impacts.Group 1HSE Meeting Group is frame dally presenting the HSE perfor human rac eces which result from important Health, resort and Environmental meetings to manage the HSE conditions. This group is non covered training and following indicators are considered in thatT commensu identify 4.1 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 1Toolbox bend of toolboxes consider of toolbox meetings has been held in summonss. tool chest is a common name of meeting in legion(predicate) industries and refers to a brief meeting at the start of the day clipping (15minutes) gives every(prenominal)one clarity about what inescapably to be done safely, What are the safety precautions in devices, operations, work sequences and arrangements? The meeting has to be held by operation supervisors or team leader with attendance of all workers. They do a primary review of changes rather than the plan. Workers fork out to say any HSE problems in narration to his/her leaders, however these problems can declare as precarious condition.Advantages Control all last changes in operation and reminding safety precautions and practices. disfavors This meeting in routine operation whitethorn become boring and just carried out as a formal functions. Toolboxes whitethorn be arranged based on safety plan.Committee% of recorded MeetingPercentage of held HSE meeting against plan. institute committee by Occupational Safety Health Authority in factories which gathered monthly to compile OSH requirements lead to reduce work stray injuries illnesses. This committee may gather on monthly bases to discuss on the incidents and any corrective actions need to be taken. As this just requested by Occupational wellness and safety regulating body in countries non by environmental department. The meeting just concentrated on safety and health.Advantages Enforcing by regulation governance and the power designate to this group may bring more execution power to remove unsafe conditions.Disadvantages As this meeting enforced by regulators, it may considered as an internal spy in com panies however it could be setup more positively inside the confederacy.Incident InvestigationNumber of investigations% of Investigation per incidentsNumber of incident investigated against reported. Meetings held by company to identify root causes and casual factors conducting the incidents or near misses and record corrective action for follow up to pr consequence reoccurrence. The investigation could be very useful if they handled on the right procedures. As the number of accident may be limited companies may do investigation on their near misses as well.Advantages Understanding the underlying reasons or hidden risk lead company to prevent from happening similar incidents.Disadvantages The methodology may different from company to otherwises so the number does not incumbent means to quality of inspections.HSE PlanningNumber of MeetingsNumber of JSA or risk assessment meeting with HSE Department. Number of registered HSE meeting in company including weekly meeting with asseve rators for make identification and risk anxiety or unscheduled planning meetings requested by project such as Job Safety analysis (JSA),Post JSA, HAZOP, HAZID, Pre-start up or Pre-commissioning.Advantages This is exclusively technical meeting which analysis risks of specific operation in collaboration all executive representatives.Disadvantages It is technical and couldnt be held in absents of HSE experts.Management ReviewNumber of MeetingNumber of HSE meeting by brighten manager. Formal, recorded meeting under the Chairmanship of the Facilities Manager that take place at regular intervals to discuss the functioning of the HSE management system and review of past performances and targets.Advantages As this meeting chaired with top management so it brings higher commitments to different business function to meet the set goals.Disadvantage This meeting couldnt be held much and almost hold once per year. So it couldnt be help for improving HSE commitment in limited time scale.Grou p 2The main judge of indicators at this group are concentrated on management system. Management systems have the general elements inherently run intoless if they integrated or not in practice. These elements generally are leadership and commitment, planning, implementation, document control, purchase control, review and monitoring of performance, continuous improvement and consultation, (Cooke, Jully 2011). The management system is a tool that company employ to maintain its objectives through designated model. So documentations, process, masses, behavior, connections and other components in management system are structural elements while the way they interact, integrate or keep in contact will follow base on internal model.Different HSE models may implement in companies electively while the effectiveness of the selected models are not completely clear for the managers. Most manager in organization believe that having the management systems are important for their re enthroneatio n externally merely they are not sure how effective is the management systems for their work operation. They just follow the market tendency and they add it as one project to their businesses without attention to the models secured.So companies may engage different indicators to help them to measure the overall performance of their systems. But having management system does not necessity means having high Health, safety and environmental performance. In fact management system is just a tool to help company to improve its performance.Indicators considered in this group areTable 4.2 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 2Work procedures of written HSE items/ procedures% Written procedures complete Written documents cover for routine or critical operations to ensure that all HSE barriers are in places without risks to the health of employees or environment including who may be affected.Advantages The suitable and effective procedures based on best practices, help employee from dev iation from safe practices.Disadvantages Preparation of HSE procedures are not easy task and needs great past experiences to define suitable procedures based on practices.Frequency of HSE team inspections HSE Inspectionhour inspected per 1000 Manhours worked proportionality of Scheduled inspections hour completed to 1000 man hours worked by work area/dept. HSE officers do HSE inspections to insure that all HSE measures are in place in site and to evaluate any reported unsafe conditions , to control Unsafe act, to monitor changes in operation and compliance with permits in work area. Inspections by PMTNumber of Closed HSE Items by HeadNumber of inspections carried out by project management team. Workplace visibility tour by middle and senior managers in the work area once per month to observe real HSE performances HSE enculturation, to review and discuss comments and questions connect the project and HSE requirements.MS ScoreInternal/External examine ScoreSum of all actual criter ion scores (AC)/Sum of all maximal criterion scores (MC) x 100. External/Internal HSE analyze at least on semi annual basis might be carried out to assure the requested HSE Management system (MS) is in place by company or its contractors. The evaluation is conduct on MS elements and different scoring system may implemented by variety organizations.NCR mild league/ Majors NCRNumber of notice lapse (Minor) get along number of absence or get along breakd give birth of a required process (Major). Number of observed lapse (Minor) total number of absence or total breakdown of a required process (Major). The accreditation body requires that recertification audit be carried out every 3 years.Group 3Training and competency are one of the basic requirements in all management system and OHSA and Environmental system as well. The following indicators are grouped under group threeTable 4.3 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 3Training hours for HSE Matrix%Scheduled training complete d inner/ Outside the CompanyMan hours Training for specific Health, Safety and Environmental subjects internally or at external training center. To improve HSE awareness of employee regard with his/her main safe functions, different courses may assigned to him/her. This matrix will organize essential safe skills for workers such as rigging, Lifting, Welding, Cutting others in birth with main duty of employees. Some general courses such as basic Fire fighting, environmental concerns maybe add to all.HSE Induction HSE inductionsNumber of personnel attended in HSE induction. HSE proceduresregulation Emergency response plans responsibilities communication and reporting are inducted to all personnel in their arrival on companys premises. The Gate Pass is issued to only those who successfully attended.DrillTotal Number of DrillsNumber of different type of drills carried out in each quarters or annually. An exercise intended to train people in practice for their duties and escape proced ures. To prevent forgetting of responsibilities and proper arrangement of different operations, different drills have to be to be followed in case of emergency in each organization. Fire Fighting, H2S, Evacuation, Confined space are some general requirements which must be scheduled and conducted regularly.Group 4This group contains indicators used to calamity identification. The immediate causes of accidents are circumstances usually can be seen as substandard practices or sub- standard conditions. This hazard not just related to the safety aspects but also covered all substandard practices in environmental and Health as well.Following indicators are set for this groupTable 4.4 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 4 Unsafe actNumber of Recorded Unsafe ActNumber of reported Unsafe act The unsafe Act means removing or wrong practices of barriers in place for hazard controls. It may be the sole accident cause or one of several causes An unsafe act is a change from an accepted, nor mal, or correct procedure that usually causes an accident. It can be any conduct that causes unnecessary exposure to a muse-site hazard or that makes an natural process less safe than usual. Unsafe Conditions Recorded Unsafe ConditionsNumber of confused primary barriers It means improper maintenance or lack of any barriers postulate for hazard control. It could be mechanical, physical, chemical or environmental condition, situation or state of affairs or lack of training or induction or procedures which may cause hazard or accident. The unsafe condition might be the result of any unsafe act (human ill) or accidental failure or alteration of the safe condition. Examples are, wrong design, no guard on dangerous part, no control of chemical process, no provisions of safety devices, misfortunate light, poor ventilation, confined space, high noise etc. Issued PermitsNumber of formal written documents used to control certain type of work hazards by declaring related barriers. For rou tine operation permit issuance may be carried out in specific situations.Permits are only issued when the necessary safety precautions have to been taken for specific holding or hazards which allow control centre to know related information regard with safe operation.Group 5 receiveors and employee participationsCommunication and participations are two important elements in new advanced management systems. Implementing any new procedures or resilience level in organizations all depend on this context.Following indicators are groupedTable 4.5 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 5% Employee participationNumber of direct report from employee on HSENumber of direct report from employee on HSE matters The employees awareness and effectiveness of the HSE program depends on the participation and cooperation of employees in carrying out HSE responsibilities. If the HSE atmosphere in company changes, it shows its impact on the rate of contribution directly.HSE representTotal amount of moneyNumber of peoples received awardsTotal amount of money distributed or number of peoples received awards Means taken by company to motivate the staff supervisors by issuing/ awarding them with the tokens/ gifts monetary incentives to participate on hazard identification and more accountability/ responsibility. Bid with HSE coverage Pre-qualified Contract on HSE rejected tender because of lack of HSE performanceNumber of contractors pre- qualified (considering HSE score in tender selection or pending invoices till HSE confirmation). strong should let in provision to suspend safe work if the contractor does not observe the HSE requirements described in the contract. Any compensation arising out of the contractor job will be paid by the contractor if the HSE procedures are not being in practice by contractors.HSE organisation culture levelHSE culture level from pathological to generative level The characteristics of organization is described at five level and typical description s are given for 18 dimensions that can be used to identify the current level of the organization in terms of HSE.Group 6Other group of indicators is related to the statistic of incidents and accidents. This group contains a vast range of row data of incidents from non-recordable to accumulated indicators as 1- Non- injuries incidents, 2- Incidents with injuries.Non recordable incidentsIndicators in this section are important but as they are not evaluated by regulation bodies, they called non recordable. They are related to the statistic of incidents and accidents with no injury as followTable 4.6 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 6.1 Near MissNumber of near hit eventsNumber of event references that had authorization to cause injury or damage or loss but avoided because of circumstances. Incidents where no property was damaged and no personal injury sustained, but where, given a slight shift in time or position, damage and/or injury easily could have occurred. scratch Aid typeface (FAC)Number of minor injury not recordedNumber of cases of minor work injury or illness such as cleaning minor cuts etc which no need to medical devices. This factor is not considered in TRC however it can provide an estimation of number of small injuries in work environment that have potential to more sever incidents.Non- distress Accident/Incidents Non-injury Accidents/Incident CasesTotal number of event or chain of events caused damage to assets, the environment or one-third parties with no injury. Any unplanned event result in damage or loss to Property, plant Materials, environment and/or a loss of business opportunity such as fire or explosion, Environmental incidents, Quality incidents, vehicle incident so on. Again as this incidents having any injuries they not being interested by regulation bodies so considered as non recordable incidents. Companies are record this incident for themselves.Recordable incidentsThis group is related to the indicators that just coun t the number of incident cases which have different severity of injuries. Incidents with medical treatment up to the fatalities are all in this group as discussed belowTable 4.7 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 6.2TOTAL Recordable Injury/Incident Case TRC TRITotal number of incident case for Fatalities, Lost Work Day Case, Restricted Work Day Cases checkup Treatment Cases.Advantages It has luxuriant number for analyzing meaningful trend.Disadvantages As this factor just counting the number of incidents with the alike weight, it couldnt be a good estimation of performances.Medical Treatment Case (MTC) MTCNumber of injured or sickness person requires treatment (more than first aid) from professional physician or qualified paramedic. Medical treatment beyond First Aid e.g. wound-closing prescription medication removal of foreign secular that is embedded in the eye or diagnosis of cancer, chronic disease, a cracked dress up or etc.Restricted Workday Case (RWDC) RWDCNumber of cases in which employee cannot fulfill his normal work the day following an incident but is able to undertake a temporary job. Or any work related injury other than a fatality or lost work day case which results in a person being unfit for full performance. The case does not have any geezerhood away from work, but has geezerhood of restriction. If a case either has one day away from work, or both restriction and absence injury should be recorded as LWDC not RWDC.Lost Work Day Case (LWDC) LWDCNumber of Cases in which an employee was absent of scheduled work because of work illness or injury and does not include the day of incident and does not cover fatalities case.Lost Time Injury(LTI) LTINumber of work related injury or illness which prevents person from doing any work the day after the accident. It includes cases lead to at least one day off work till death because of work illness or injury. It does not include cases with no lost days such as MTC or RWDC. emergency Fatalitie sNumber of workers loses their lives to work related injuries and include Cases that involve one or more people who died as a result of a work-related incident or occupational illness.Days out-of-door or restricted or Transferred duty, palpitate DARTCombination number of Cases of LWDC RWDC. Cases that involve Lost time, or days of restricted work activity or job transfer, or both however not include fatality cases.Advantages Having adequate data fluctuation for managing the performances rather than fatalities or just lost work days.Disadvantage In small constancy still lack of adequate data for reliable analyze is exist.Group 7Other group of indicators is related to the adjustment of basic statistic of incidents and accidents to the business context performances. This group contains a wide Combination of range of incidents with the time of operations or number of workers. Different organization may make this ratio per its own constants. For example in UK, the constant is 100,000 fulltime workers which equivalent by 200 Million working hours. This constant for OGP members is half, because the companies working hours is carried out at organization scale which small than industrial scale. This differentiate can be seen between companies. for example BP provide some of its reports based on 200,000 man hours while Shell act the same as OGP and use 1,000,000 man hours constant.On other side, one organization depends on type of indicator, considering different constants. For example Shell used 100,000,000 man Hours as its constant when analyzing its FAR while benefit of 1,000,000 man hours in reporting its LTIF.Indicators in this group areTable 4.8 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 7Days Away or restricted or Transferred duty Rate,DART rateIndicates number of incident caused away, restriction, or transfer cases per 200,000 worked hours. calculate based on (N/EH) x (200,000) where N is the number of cases , EH is the total number of hours worked by all dur ing the year, and 200,000 is the base for 100 employees which may change.LTI Frequency RateLTIF RateThe number of lost time injuries (fatalities + lost work day cases) per 1,000,000 work hours.The constant may be changed from company to company.This indicator just shows the frequency of LWDC Fatality cases but not give any data regarding the weight of the incidents.LWD Severity RateAverage days lost with each Lost Work Day Case. Mathematical calculation that describes the number of days lost experienced compared to the number of incidents experienced and lead to lost work day without considering fatalities.TRIR Total Recordable Injury RateTRIR/ TRC RateThe ratio of all recordable injuries including fatalities, LWD cases, and Medical treatment Cases per 1 million worked hours.Fatality Accident Frequency RateFAR, FAFRThe number of fatalities per 100 million man hours worked. This indicator may call Recordable Fatality Rate by some companies. Constant is different in companies. This i ndicator just compares the rate of fatalities with other industrial groups, however because of rare frequency in one company it couldnt be helpful for decision making by managers.Fatality Incident Frequency Rate,FIR, FIFRThe number of fatalities accident per 100 million man hours worked. Rate of fatal incident per 100,000 workers (UK),100,000,000 Man hour (OGP)This indicator just shows the frequency of incident cases that result at least one fatality and does not prepare information about number of fatalities.Process safety event ratePSER, PSIRThe number of incidents of unplanned or uncontrolled LOPC (Lost of primary containment) of any material including non-toxic and non-flammable materials per one million worked hours that happens in direct contact with process operation in premises of company. In process diligence, incidents result to either lost time injury, Fire with direct damage more than 25000$ to assets, Chemical release and environmental impact beyond limited threshold p er 1 million worked hours.A process must have been directly involved in the damage caused. For this purpose, the term process is used broadly to include the equipment and technology needed for chemical, petrochemical and refining production, including reactors, tanks, piping, boilers, cooling towers, refrigeration systems, etc. An incident with no direct chemical or process involvement, e.g., an office building fire, even if the office building is on a plant site, is not reportable (CCPS, 2011).Advantages It considers different impacts from direct damages, lost time and injuries to environmental impacts.Disadvantages Although the impact considered in cumulative way, but all impacts consider in same weight. More over it does not cover any other incidents which not connected directly to the process, so it couldnt be used by other industries.Process Safety Incident Severity Rate (PSISR)Ratio of Total severity scores for all process safety incidents per 200,000 Work Hours of total empl oyee, contractor subcontractor work hours. The constant may change in companies. In determining this rate, 1 point is assigned for each Level 4 incident attribute, 3 points for each Level 3 attribute, 9 points for each Level 2 attributes, and 27 points for each Level 1 attributes. Theoretically, a PSI could be assigned a minimum of 1 point (i.e., the incident meets the attributes of a Level 4 incident in only one category) or a maximum of 108 points (i.e., the incident meets the attributes of a Level 1 incident in each of the four categories.Advantages Consider the weight of severity level of each incident for total process safety besides considering four dimensions in measuring the consequence of each process incidents.Disadvantages Just consider some process cases.THP Total threaten Potential RateTotal HazPoC (Hazard Potential Cases) indicating overall potential of hazard of unsafe act/unsafe condition (identified with/without incidents) per 100 Sq. meter per week. It can show t he HazPoC related to the safety, Health, Environment separately or totally.Advantages It demonstrates total hazard potential of company or its project that generated from requested barriers. By adding any new assets or finishing a project this rate will change weekly. However it will propose based on the boundary of occupied land and time.Disadvantage It needs powerful software and network connections. This indicator is new and under trial .MHP Mitigated Hazard PotentialThe total amount of Hazard potential which mitigated by barriers in practice. (Secured HazPoC). This indicator just demonstrates the HSE performance of company on weekly bases in implementation of safe work practices per Total HazPoC identified.Advantages every last(predicate) barriers implemented or removed have direct impact on the HSE performance of company based on changes on risk of related hazard of that barrier. So any department can understand its performance on removing or maintenance of own barriers.Disadv antage Same as TPHGroup 8All environmental subjects that may consider impact on work environment are short listed in this group. Although there are many different environmental factors that experts minded in perspective of top managers just one important element is considered.It has been notice that HSE department may have to control many factors more than these indicators, but we want to understand which one may be desired by CEO to being controlled as a business performances.This group consists of following indicatorsTable 4.9 Selected HSE KPI and Descriptions, Group 9Energy IntensityRatio of energy consumption to gross domestic product or other industry output. Energy consumption ratio per gross domestic product or other industry output such as Sales, freight ton-miles, GDP as economic output may be considered in different organization.Waste discharge LoadTotal wastewater Load discharged in people equivalent (BOD). To measure this indicator both quantity and pollution concentrat ion have to be considered. In Oil company may BOD rate is replaced with Oil Load discharge.Recycled, Reused and Recovered MaterialsTones of Hazardous/ Non Hazardous waste recycled, reused, recovered from waste stream. Measuring this indicators required company measure the amount of waste contemporaries and then recording its recycling to produce this rate. The amount of recycling waste per generated waste multiple 1000, indicate the rate of recycling per 1000 tone total waste generation.Social Contribution ExpensesMillion $ on social responsibilities or number of local people trained or fostered. Contribution on local anesthetic community conferences, volunteer service centres, Training, Employment, Health Care etc in nearby society are samples of contributions.Direct GHG EmissionTotal quantity of GHGs released to atmosphere at a specific time in Co2 equivalent. Total quantity of GHGs released to atmosphere covering emission of different gases such as CH4, CO2, NOx, CFCs, HCFCs e tc however it is not cover all air pollution.4.2 HSE KPI SpecificationStudy findings indicate a statistically significant relationship between culture and gross earnings. Gilbert (1978) maintains that when the five dimensions (information, resources, incentives, knowledge, and capacity) are aligned and operating interdependently, workers are intrinsically motivated to perform. Later in 2001, It is theorized that the link between culture and financial performance is mediated by worker motivation. Strong cultures help organizations perform because they create a strong sense of motivation in workers. (Kotter Heskett, cited in Flamholtz).Recently (Piers, 2009) in his study mentioned 6 main elements as essential dimensions of organizational culture in organization. These specifications areCommitmentBehaviourAwarenessAdaptabilityInformationJustnessIn Our research, If we are aspect for an indicator cause the organizational culture to improve, the chosen indicator have to had the same cha racteristics inherently which can demonstrate the same aspect of organization.Commitment reflects the boundary to which every level of the organization has a positive attitude towards safety and recognizes the importance of safety. Top management should be genuinely committed to keeping a high level of safety and give employees motivation and means to do so as well.Behaviour reflects the extent to which every level of the organization behaves such as to maintain and improve the level of safety. From the management side, the importance of safety should be recognized and everything needed to maintain and enhance safety records should be put in place.Awareness reflects the extent to which employees and management are aware of the risks for themselves and for others implied by the organizations operations. Employees and management should be constantly maintaining a high layer of vigilance with respect to safety issues.Adaptability reflects the extent to which employees and management are willing to learn from past experiences and are able to take whatever action is necessary in order to enhance the level of safety within the organization.Information reflects the extent to which information is distributed to the right people in the organization. Employees should be encouraged to report safety concerns. Work related information has to be communicated in the right way to the right people in order to avoid miscommunication that could lead to insecure situations.Justness reflects the extent to which safe behaviour and reporting of safety issues are encouraged or even rewarded and unsafe behaviour is discouraged.He divided each attribute to detail specifications which demonstrate in following table. The highlighted items in this table are important items that considered while the questionnaire was designed. Management perspective and participating of different management level are important elements that improve the reliability of collected data.Table 4.10 Positive a ttribution lead to culture improvementCharacteristicSpecific attributeCommitment Management concern Perception of importance of safety Prioritization of safety Safety procedures and requirements Personal involvement and responsibility for safetyBehaviour Employee behaviour w